Inside the Giza Pyramids: A 100-Hour Hunt for Who Built Them and Where the Pharaohs Lie

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Overview

MrBeast (Jimmy) and his friends Karl, Chandler and Nolan were given 100 hours of access to the Giza Plateau, including tombs and shafts that are normally closed to the public. The video follows two questions. The first is the one Jimmy states outright: were the pyramids built by the ancient Egyptians as tombs for their kings, as Egyptologists say, or by a lost pre-Egyptian civilization or even aliens, as some popular theories claim? The second is raised early on by their guide: the body of King Khufu may never have been found, and it could still be hidden somewhere inside the Great Pyramid. Over four days the group goes from hundreds of feet below the pyramids to the highest point inside the largest one. They are guided mainly by Ramy, by Ashraf, the director of the Giza Plateau, and by Dr. Zahi Hawass, whom Jimmy introduces as "the man who basically found everything here."

14 min read

Day One: The Grand Gallery and a Chamber That May Not Be the Real One

The exploration starts inside the Great Pyramid. The guide confirms the structure is about 4,500 years old. The passageway leads to what Egyptologists say is the tomb of King Khufu, the pharaoh who may have ordered the pyramid built. The group passes through the Grand Gallery. When Jimmy asks what percentage of the pyramid they have seen so far, the guide answers that "we might never know the answer to that question," a reply Jimmy calls the coolest possible answer.

In the King's Chamber, the narration says that 4,600 years ago this room may have held the king's mummified body. The guide is careful with his wording. This is what "we believe" was the final resting place, he says. When Jimmy asks why it's only a belief, the guide explains that he thinks there is another, still-undiscovered chamber somewhere in the pyramid that might contain the king's body. Jimmy announces that the video will try to find it, exploring "from hundreds of feet below the pyramids up to the highest point in the largest ancient pyramid on Earth."

Base Camp and the Central Question

Back at a base camp with tents, a dinner table and lights aimed at the pyramids, Jimmy sets out the main question. The narration says the pyramids were so technologically advanced for their time that some people credit them to a pre-Egyptian civilization, and some point to aliens. Egyptologists, it says, are sure the first Egyptians built them as tombs for their kings. Jimmy promises to find out which theory is true by the end of the video.

Khafre's Pyramid: The Casing, a Storeroom, and the Real Burial Chamber

The second pyramid is Khafre's. Asked what makes it special, the guide explains that it is how researchers learned what the outer casing of each pyramid looked like, because all of them once looked this way. Someone jokes that this was "right after the aliens built them," and the guide answers flatly, "No aliens!"

Ramy leads them nearly 100 feet below the surface into the pyramid. Jimmy says almost no one in the modern world has been there and the team had no idea what to expect. The first chamber they reach is full of cardboard and equipment. The guide explains that for a long time it was believed to be Khafre's burial chamber, and it is now used to store tools for the ongoing restoration. Because that room wasn't the burial chamber, Ramy takes them to the place thought to have actually held Khafre's body. It has a large ceiling, and Jimmy calls it the coolest thing he has ever seen. On the wall is dated graffiti left by a man who, in the guide's careful phrasing, "claims he discovered this tomb." When someone asks whether it would be disrespectful to lie in the sarcophagus, the guide jokes that the curse is the bigger worry, and the group leaves "before we get cursed." The narration admits that the king's tomb "didn't really answer many of our questions."

The Tomb of Osiris: Water, Thin Air, and a Shaft to Nowhere

The next stop is presented as the place that might have everything they were looking for: the Tomb of Osiris, god of the underworld, deep beneath the plateau, where the guide says very few humans have ever been. Access is down a long ladder. When asked about falling, the reply is "Oh, yeah, you'll definitely die." On the way down they find what is described as a 3,000-year-old human skull. They are also told there is a real chance of passing out from lack of oxygen at that depth.

Chandler goes first into the flooded lower chamber and notes how thin the air is. In the center of the room is the sarcophagus of Osiris, which the guide calls "supposedly the gateway to the underworld." One of the group is dared to climb in and does. The narration repeats that the sarcophagus is "allegedly" the portal to the underworld and that virtually no humans have been there.

The guide then points to a shaft in the upper right corner "that goes to nobody knows where." Karl squeezes into it while the others tell him it isn't smart. He describes a turn in the tunnel, the passage getting narrower, and being "actively kind of stuck" with about an inch of clearance. By then they have stayed longer than the safe limit for oxygen, and they get out as quickly as they can. Jimmy says he wants to live long enough to explore the never-before-seen shafts of the Great Pyramid, a place he says fewer people in modern times have visited than have gone to space.

Menkaure's Pyramid with the Director of the Giza Plateau

After a camel ride, which includes a guide confirming that being bitten by a camel hurts, Ashraf, the director of the entire Giza Plateau, joins them for the third pyramid, Menkaure's. He points out granite at the base that remains from 4,600 years ago and shows an illustration of what researchers think the pyramid originally looked like, compared with what is left almost 5,000 years later.

Jimmy gets permission for Nolan to climb part of the exterior, which he calls "something normally illegal." Partway up, the director shouts at Nolan to get down, then reveals it was a joke. Nolan says he thought he was going to be arrested.

Inside, a shaft goes more than 100 feet down to what the narration calls the first chamber in ancient Egyptian history with decorative carvings. The director identifies the carvings as a decoration of false doors and says, "We didn't have any decoration inside any pyramid from the First Dynasty, except this one," dating it to 4,600 years ago. A further shaft leads to Menkaure's antechamber. Jimmy asks about an upper passage, and the director says there is nothing there. When Jimmy asks how he knows without having been up there, he says he can see it from where he stands, and shows that it is just a tunnel. Jimmy's takeaway: "Always be skeptical."

The last descending shaft leads to the king's burial chamber. The director says it has a vaulted ceiling "to relieve the weight." Asked how builders knew to do that 5,000 years ago, he answers with a line he repeats several times in the video: "If you can build a pyramid, you can build anything." Outside, he explains that the three small pyramids next to Menkaure's were built for the king's three queens.

"Egyptians. We Are the Builders"

Before Ashraf leaves, Jimmy asks him directly about aliens. His response is exasperated and comic. Egypt has 124 pyramids, he says, and it can't be that each time someone called on aliens to "come build a pyramid for me." His answer is "Egyptians. We are the builders." When Tareq, another member of the group, brings up aliens again, the director tells him not to.

Inside the Sphinx with Zahi Hawass

At the Sphinx, Jimmy frames the visit as a test. He had read online that a temple filled with gold is buried beneath it, and he wants to know who is right, Dr. Zahi or the internet's conspiracy theories. Hawass shows him an entrance and Jimmy squeezes inside. He finds "an empty hole," and Hawass has him make an on-camera statement: "There is nothing inside the Sphinx."

Jimmy then leaves a message for the future, a letter buried there. Hawass says the paper could survive thousands of years. Jimmy also buries a gold collectible from his sponsor's toy line with the letter and jokes that the conspiracy theories are now technically right, because the Sphinx "definitely has gold in it now."

Meanwhile, the narration says, the other members had somehow convinced the Egyptian military and government to let them fly around the plateau in helicopters.

The Forbidden Tomb of Iymery

Before the climb to the top of the Great Pyramid, Ramy takes them to the tomb of Iymery, which he says is completely illegal for people to enter. He tells them firmly not to touch the walls and singles out Nolan, who gets nicknamed "Finger Food" and "wall toucher."

The tomb is full of color. Ramy explains it belonged to the high priest of the time, "like the Pope of the time," and that visitors are banned because the paintings, after surviving 4,600 years, cannot be risked. He says tombs like this are sometimes more important to researchers than the pyramids, because they show the daily life of Egyptians. One scene, he says, is how researchers figured out how ancient Egyptians made wine: people stomping grapes, then the process through to bottling. Jimmy compares it to a 5,000-year-old YouTube how-to video. Another wall shows ordinary Egyptians bringing the standard offerings, ta and henket (glossed in the captions as "brandy and beer"), to Iymery. Jimmy calls it the most beautiful room he has ever been in.

The Workmen's Tombs: Skeletons as Evidence

On the fourth day, with 22 hours left, the group rides ATVs across the plateau to the workmen's tombs, where an active excavation is underway. Hawass explains that these are the tombs of the pyramid builders. Unlike other tombs, they have no beautiful paintings, because "these people are poor." He reads the name of one man from an inscription (rendered in the captions as Nefertheith).

Jimmy anticipates the skeptical objection himself. Writing on a wall saying the builders are buried here doesn't prove that they are, he says, and he thought the same until he saw a skull in the ground. Expecting viewers to question it, he asks Hawass directly whether he placed the skull there. Hawass says no: this is the exact location of the skeleton from 4,600 years ago, and it has not been moved. Jimmy is allowed to help excavate it and uncovers what appears to be a spine.

Hawass then gives the key finding: all the skeletons there, of men and women, show stress on their backs. Jimmy guesses it was from moving two-ton blocks, and Hawass confirms it. Jimmy concludes that this is why Hawass keeps saying aliens didn't build the pyramids, "because the worker's bodies are literally here." He calls it possibly the coolest thing he has ever done.

The Lowest Point: A 300-Foot Tunnel to a Decoy Chamber

For the finale, the guide suggests that before going to the highest point in the Great Pyramid, they visit the very lowest point, hundreds of feet below it. The way down is a roughly 300-foot tunnel. When someone asks why the pharaohs didn't just build a nice staircase, the answer is that they wanted to protect their mummies and treasure, "the whole point of a pyramid." The tunnel is low and narrow. One of the taller members complains about being six-foot-five, and others complain about their knees and feeling buried alive. After almost an hour they reach the bottom, where they can finally stand up, and someone feels lightheaded.

The chamber at the bottom is huge. The guide says it was empty when first discovered, because it was "another decoy." Asked whether the builders really went to all that effort for a decoy, he says yes, and adds that this raises a question: is the King's Chamber they saw on day one the real one, or another decoy? If it is a decoy, the narration says, Khufu's body could still be somewhere in the pyramid, which it presents as further support for the idea that the pyramids were built as royal tombs. Jimmy also stands at what he calls the deepest point of the pyramid.

The Highest Point: The Chambers Above the King's Chamber

The group meets Hawass to begin the ascent. He says only five people can go up. They play rock-paper-scissors, and Nolan is the one left behind. They return to the corridor they used on day one to reach the King's Chamber, but this time they go to the hidden chambers above it. Hawass says fewer than 50 people that we know of have been up there in the last 5,000 years. One member admits a fear of heights at the worst possible moment.

The route is a tall ladder followed by another tiny passage. Hawass explains that there are two chambers below them, and that rooms three, four and five are the most important. They climb through chamber four to the top. Asked how he arranged access to this, Hawass says, "I have no idea." At the highest point inside the pyramid, the group is surrounded by bats with only minutes of the challenge left.

There Hawass shows them builders' graffiti. He reads it out: aper means "team," simsu means "friends," and the cartouche spells Khufu, so the inscription names "the group of friends," or gang, of Khufu. It is one of the names of the work gangs who built the pyramid. He confirms it was written 4,600 years ago.

The Verdict

The closing narration brings the evidence together. Jimmy says the Egyptologists showed them the best evidence they could find: the workmen's tombs, the nearby skeletons marked by manual labor, the empty space beneath the Sphinx, and finally the graffiti of Khufu's work gang, which the narration says researchers regard as "the nail in the coffin" for anyone who doubts that ancient Egyptians built the pyramids as tombs for their pharaohs. The other question raised at the start, where Khufu's body actually lies, stays open. The guides suggested the known King's Chamber might itself be a decoy, and the video does not find the hidden chamber Jimmy said they would look for. Jimmy ends by saying he has no idea why Egypt let them do everything they did, and that he is grateful to the country.